Elsevier

Preventive Medicine

Regular Article

The Relation Betwixt Cigarette Smoking and Sleep Disturbance

Abstract

Background. There is little epidemiological or clinical data on the relation between smoking and slumber disturbance, despite evidence suggestive of a relationship. The nowadays written report tested the hypothesis that cigarette smoking is associated with sleep disturbance. Methods. Survey data from 3,516 adults were collected as part of a longitudinal, epidemiologic study of slumber-disordered breathing. Symptoms of indisposition, hypersomnia, and parasomnia were assessed using diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Transmission of Mental Disorders (third ed., revised). Results. Among both mates and females, smoking was associated with difficulty initiating slumber, and difficulty waking up. Excessive daytime sleepiness was related to smoking but for females while nightmares and disturbing dreams were related to smoking only among males. Conclusions. Smoking was associated with difficulty initiating sleep and with a constellation of symptoms suggestive of sleep fragmentation. Slumber disturbance may be more than prevalent among smokers due to the stimulant effects of nicotine, nightly withdrawal, an increased prevalence of sleep matted breathing relative to nonsmokers, and/or an association with psychological disturbance. These results accept important clinical and public health implications for reduction of the disease and disability associated with smoking and sleep disturbance.

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